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Echinochloa crus-galli

(L.) P.Beauv. (1812)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Poaceae Genus: Echinochloa

barnyard grass

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kuaihelani (Midway Atoll) Not in flora
Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Ess. Agrostogr.: 53 (1812)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Echinochloa crus-galli Waialua Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12639 Oahu BISH 1912-08-01
2 Echinochloa crus-galli Punahou St. near Punahou School Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 3875 Oahu BISH 1935-11-17
3 Echinochloa crus-galli Kaimuki Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12761 Oahu BISH
4 Echinochloa crus-galli waste land of Kealakekua, Kona Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4160 Hawaii BISH 1936-04-13
5 Echinochloa crus-galli In lower Pauoa Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2384 Oahu BISH 1895-06-04
6 Echinochloa crus-galli Lawai, intersection of Ohama Rd & Hwy 50 Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 616 Kauai BISH 1983-09-29
7 Echinochloa crus-galli Honokahau Drainage Basin Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 417 Maui BISH 1917-10-17
8 Echinochloa crus-galli Hii Mt Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 630 Kauai BISH 1916-10-20
9 Echinochloa crus-galli Punaluu, Choy's Ranch Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 3876 Oahu BISH 1935-11-18
10 Echinochloa crus-galli Kekala Preserved_Specimen Lee, H.A. 245 Kauai BISH 1925-11-01
11 Echinochloa crus-galli Along irrigation ditch at Kekaha town limits Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 5233 Kauai BISH 1975-02-26
12 Echinochloa crus-galli Kalae Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 52 Molokai BISH 1912-06-01
13 Echinochloa crus-galli Kilauea, Volcano House Garden Preserved_Specimen Fagerlund, G.O. 642 Hawaii BISH 1943-06-10
14 Echinochloa crus-galli Lihue Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 480 Kauai BISH 1916-10-04
15 Echinochloa crus-galli Oahu Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 102 Oahu BISH 1851-01-01
16 Echinochloa crus-galli On roadside, Damon Tract, near gate to Marine Corps Supply Depot Preserved_Specimen Weber, P.W. Oahu BISH 1947-12-14
17 Echinochloa crus-galli Nuuanu Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-06-13
18 Echinochloa crus-galli Waimanalo Preserved_Specimen Heller, D.M. Oahu BISH 1927-09-24
19 Echinochloa crus-galli Mouth of Kipapa Gulch Maritime zone of ecological study. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 757 Oahu BISH 1932-09-25
20 Echinochloa crus-galli Nuuanu Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Oahu BISH 1909-06-17
21 Echinochloa crus-galli Kamehameha School Preserved_Specimen Pahu Oahu BISH 1921-08-21
22 Echinochloa crus-galli [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Didrichsen, D.F. Oahu BISH 1846-01-01
23 Echinochloa crus-galli Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; Molokai; Hawaii; Maui Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. Lanai BISH
24 Echinochloa crus-galli Lihue Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 478 Kauai BISH 1916-10-04
25 Echinochloa crus-galli along hwy near Boys Industrial School Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4080 Oahu BISH 1936-03-03
26 Echinochloa crus-galli Roadside near Niu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1912 Oahu BISH 1914-07-01
27 Echinochloa crus-galli Makaha Valley, Waianae along bank of reservoir. Rare. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. Oahu BISH 1936-06-17
28 Echinochloa crus-galli Waipio; Kipapa Gulch Wet gully floor. Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 9800 Oahu BISH 1933-08-08
29 Echinochloa crus-galli Lawai Valley, P.T.B.G Along the edge of Lawai Stream as it passes through the Economic area. Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 621 Kauai BISH 1983-10-03
30 Echinochloa crus-galli Wailupe On raised reef near sea. Preserved_Specimen Wayside plant. Egler, F.E. 37326 Oahu BISH 1937-04-08
31 Echinochloa crus-galli Waikiki Along ditch in rice field Preserved_Specimen Spikelets awned or nearly awnless Hitchcock, A.S. 13800 Oahu BISH 1916-06-19
32 Echinochloa crus-galli Mokuleia, Waianae Range Nihoa Gulch, west ridge Dry, open ridge Preserved_Specimen Hume, E.P. 306 Oahu BISH 1931-11-15
33 Echinochloa crus-galli Hanalei Valley, roadside at the parking lot for the Okolehao Trail Sunny, moist roadside Preserved_Specimen Inflorescence weakly nodding, , 50 cm away from 2436 Faccenda, K. 2435 Kauai BISH 2022-05-30
34 Echinochloa crus-galli Honolulu, School Street bridge over Nuuanu Bridge Dry edge of cement-lined stream-bed. Preserved_Specimen Culms ascending. Fosberg, F.R. 27094 Oahu BISH 1946-09-22
35 Echinochloa crus-galli Maui Settling basin near Kanaha Pond Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 6751 Maui BISH 1981-03-22
36 Echinochloa crus-galli Keeaumoku St., Honolulu Canal Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4046 Oahu BISH 1936-02-20
37 Echinochloa crus-galli Kawainui Marsh, Northend of dike road on Marsh side Edge of marsh in very moist soil, growing with Bacopa, Pluchea indica, Umbrella sedge, California grass. Preserved_Specimen Erect clumping grass, bluish-green blades, highlights of purple and tight spiked raceme inflorescence with red to purple fairly long awns. Crago, L.M. 2005011 Oahu BISH 2005-01-20
38 Echinochloa crus-galli Waimanalo Plantation, Waimanalo edge of can field Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 10926 Oahu BISH 1935-06-27
39 Echinochloa crus-galli Above Kukuihaele near cane fields Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4536 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-18
40 Echinochloa crus-galli In the Univ. of Hawaii quarry, at base of steps leading down from Dole St. parking lot across from Bachman Hall. Wet area. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 18 Oahu BISH 1966-03-19
41 Echinochloa crus-galli Kalaheo, National Tropical Botanical Garden In streambed near the Canoe Garden, from wet gravel in stream, full shade Preserved_Specimen Frequent in the stream bed Faccenda, K. 2446 Kauai BISH 2022-06-01
42 Echinochloa crus-galli Mana, Waimea Marshy place Preserved_Specimen Common Hosaka, E.Y. 1669 Kauai BISH 1936-11-05
43 Echinochloa crus-galli Koolaupoko District, along Kamehameha Hwy, ca 2 mi N of old sugar mill chimney, Kaoio Point area In ditch. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 101 Oahu BISH 1966-05-22
44 Echinochloa crus-galli Waikiki Filled area. Preserved_Specimen Ht. 0.6 m Green. Merrill 3 Oahu BISH 1924-08-15
45 Echinochloa crus-galli Kipapa Gulch, Waipio, Koolau Mts Along stream bed, wooded forest. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1213 Oahu BISH 1933-08-08
46 Echinochloa crus-galli Manoa Valley Guava zone. Preserved_Specimen Wayside weed, 3 clumps. Egler, F.E. 37153 Oahu BISH 1937-05-10
47 Echinochloa crus-galli Ewa In cane fields. Preserved_Specimen Weed, up to 3 m. Skinner, S.A. 2 Oahu BISH 1928-10-11
48 Echinochloa crus-galli Hilo, Wailoa River State Rec. Area Margin of Waiakea pond. Preserved_Specimen Emergent from edge of pond, growing out of up to 30 cm of water. Abundant and covering the perimeter of the pond. Flowers weakly nodding. Awn lengths varied across the population, some had very long short awns while others were much longer although I did Faccenda, K. 2336 Hawaii BISH 2022-03-06
49 Echinochloa crus-galli Hanalei Valley In rice patch Preserved_Specimen Very common Hosaka, E.Y. 1638 Kauai BISH 1936-10-29
50 Echinochloa crus-galli In the Univ. of Hawaii quarry, at base of steps leading down from Dole St. parking lot across from Bachman Hall. Wet Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 18 Oahu BISH 1966-03-19
51 Echinochloa crus-galli Waipio Edge of canefield. Preserved_Specimen 1.5-1 m ht. Agee, H.P. 115 Oahu BISH 1924-11-07
52 Echinochloa crus-galli Manoa Valley Roadside Preserved_Specimen Ht. 1 m. Green Merrill 15 Oahu BISH 1924-08-01
53 Echinochloa crus-galli Hamakua District, Waipio Valley, taro farm ca. 2 miles into the valley Weedy grass growing in taro paddy. Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 9925 Hawaii BISH 1999-06-19
54 Echinochloa crus-galli Above Kukuihaele near cane fields Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4536 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-18
55 Echinochloa crus-galli Kawainui Air Park, Kapaa Quarry Rd Growing at margin of roadside ditch, full sun, moist substrate. Preserved_Specimen Herbaceous erect cespitose grass up to 1 m tall, inflorescences distinctly dk copper-red in color. O'Connor, P.J. Oahu BISH 1987-05-09
56 Echinochloa crus-galli East Maui, Kipahulu at Living Farm, Ohelo. in fallow taro patch Preserved_Specimen Welton, P. 2369 Maui BISH 2016-08-24
57 Echinochloa crus-galli Along rd by fish arm behind Laie Wet area. Preserved_Specimen Tall grass, usually with purple tinge in inflorescence. Herbst, D.R. 5280 Oahu BISH 1975-04-21
58 Echinochloa crus-galli James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge, Kahuku, Oahu Growing in standing water in pond to 6 inches deep. Preserved_Specimen Crago, L.M. 2005079 Oahu BISH 2005-03-01
59 Echinochloa crus-galli Lanai Pineapple plantation. Preserved_Specimen Dole plantation worker Lanai BISH 1962-05-23
60 Echinochloa crus-galli Waiopai Preserved_Specimen Munro, G.C. 514 Lanai BISH 1916-02-02
61 Echinochloa crus-galli Pearl Harbor Peninsula Rice patches. Preserved_Specimen 1/4 m ht. Hadden, F.C. 309 Oahu BISH 1927-03-30
62 Echinochloa crus-galli Waipio Valley at edge of taro paddy. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 234 Hawaii BISH 1966-08-11
63 Echinochloa crus-galli Paia Near cane fields Preserved_Specimen Ht. 1/2 m Clumps Lee, H.A. 194 Maui BISH 1926-03-01
64 Echinochloa crus-galli Boys' Industrial School, Kahuku Along highway Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4080 Oahu BISH 1936-03-03
65 Echinochloa crus-galli Central Maui, S coast of isthmus, Kealia Pond National Wildlife Refuge. On margin of wetland pond Grass 4 ft tall landward of sedgeland zone of Schoenoplectus californicus and Bolboschoenus maritimus. Growing with Batis, Pluchea indica, P. carolinensis. Occasional. Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 9825 Maui BISH 1998-10-06
66 Echinochloa crus-galli Laie In lawn, 0% slope, red volcanic soil. Preserved_Specimen Medium size grass. Green, J.M. 56 Oahu BISH 1967-05-01
67 Echinochloa crus-galli Kohala In old garden land Preserved_Specimen Ht. of plant 1/4 m Barnum, C.C. 66 Hawaii BISH 1924-09-18
68 Echinochloa crus-galli Waikiki Along ditch in rice field. Preserved_Specimen Spikelets awne or nearly awnless. Hitchcock, A.S. 13800 Oahu BISH 1916-06-19
69 Echinochloa crus-galli Lihue District, Hwy 50 at Halfway Bridge Along newly grassed roadcut. Preserved_Specimen Clumping grass 2-3 ft tall. Flynn, T.W. 3981 Kauai BISH 1990-07-09
70 Echinochloa crus-galli S side of Kolekole Pass Moist. Preserved_Specimen Christophersen, E. Oahu BISH 1924-12-13
71 Echinochloa crus-galli Waikiki Filled area. Preserved_Specimen 0.6 m ht, with green flowers. Merrill 3 Oahu BISH 1924-08-15
72 Echinochloa crus-galli Waikiki Filled area. Preserved_Specimen Grass 1 m ht, flowers reddish to purplish. Merrill 4 Oahu BISH 1924-08-14
73 Echinochloa crus-galli James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge, Kahuku, Oahu Growing in 1-6 inches of water. Preserved_Specimen Clumping grass to 3 feet tall. Inflorescence paniculate, reddish in color with awns. Crago, L.M. 2005052 Oahu BISH 2005-02-04
74 Echinochloa crus-galli Kawainui Swamp, Kailua In wet marsh. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 10517 Oahu BISH 1930-05-04
75 Echinochloa crus-galli Makaha Valley Reservoir Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4215 Oahu BISH 1936-07-17
76 Echinochloa crus-galli Makaha Valley Reservoir Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4214 Oahu BISH 1936-06-17
77 Echinochloa crus-galli Kailua [other collections on same day are from vicinity of Cooke's mountain cabin, Molokai Ranch] Found in taro patches. Preserved_Specimen Whitney, L.D. 4332 Molokai BISH 1936-09-05
78 Echinochloa crus-galli Waianae, Makaha Valley Rare in reservoir. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 3779 Oahu BISH 1936-06-17
79 Echinochloa crus-galli Kuliouou, E. of Kuliouou by highway at makai end of ridge. Preserved_Specimen Wayside weed; 2 small colonies seen. Egler, F.E. 3788 Oahu BISH 1937-07-01
80 Echinochloa crus-galli Waikiki Filled rice paddle Preserved_Specimen Ht. 1 m. Reddish to purplish. Merrill 4 Oahu BISH 1924-08-15
81 Echinochloa crus-galli James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge, Kahuku, Oahu Growing in standing water in pond to 6 inches deep. Preserved_Specimen Crago, L.M. 2005079 Oahu BISH 2005-03-01
82 Echinochloa crus-galli Lihue District. Puhi, Kauai Nursery and Landscaping. Not cultivated. Thick monotypic stand growing in low-lying area. Preserved_Specimen Grass, approximately 0.75 meter tall; leaves blueish-green, blades coming off culm at about a 90 degree angle, mid-rib lighter than blade, some leaf tips turning abrown/red color; inflorescence erect, spikelets maroon colored. Brock, K. 825 Kauai BISH 2016-05-18
83 Echinochloa crus-galli Waialua Beach Road, Waialua, private lotus farm Grass growing in open water in lotus pond. Preserved_Specimen Imada, C. 9235 Oahu BISH 1992-04-05
84 Echinochloa crus-galli Kalepa Ridge, Wailua Swamp Preserved_Specimen Common Hosaka, E.Y. 1649 Kauai BISH 1936-11-02
85 Echinochloa crus-galli Haena. Makai of Kuhio Hwy across Waiakanaloa Wet Cave In marshy grasssland of Paspalum conjugatum & Commelina diffusa. Preserved_Specimen Clumping grass 2-3 ft tall. Nagata, K.M. 3858 Kauai BISH 1988-05-29
86 Echinochloa crus-galli James Campbell National Wildlife Refuge, Kahuku, Oahu Growing in 1-6 inches of water. Preserved_Specimen Clumping grass to 3 feet tall. Inflorescence paniculate, reddish in color with awns. Crago, L.M. 2005052 Oahu BISH 2005-02-04
87 Echinochloa crus-galli Rt 560, 700 m W of road going into Hanalei valley Moist, weedy, sunny roadside Preserved_Specimen With Cenchrus purpureus and Urochloa mutica, edge of mowed area Faccenda, K. 2433 Kauai BISH 2022-05-30
88 Echinochloa crus-galli P.T.B.G., Lawai Valley Growing in very wet areas. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 2336 Kauai BISH 1972-01-26
89 Echinochloa crus-galli Sand islet at inner NW corner of triangle formed by seaplane runways, Keehi Lagoon. Windward side of islet Along high water line. Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 1953 Oahu BISH 1971-06-13
90 Echinochloa crus-galli Au Sugar Company Preserved_Specimen Grows on the wetter lands in and near running water. Then [illegible] little suitable land here, there is not much of it Munro, G.C. 70 Molokai BISH 1903-02-15
91 Echinochloa crus-galli Waipahu In abandoned rice patch. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1247 Oahu BISH 1933-12-17
92 Echinochloa crus-galli Lower Pauoa Preserved_Specimen Heller, A.A. 2384 Oahu BISH 1895-06-04
93 Echinochloa crus-galli Kalae Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 52 Molokai BISH 1912-06-01
94 Echinochloa crus-galli Hawaii, Kilauea rare in newly developed pasture, moist location Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 3639 Hawaii BISH 1951-07-25
95 Echinochloa crus-galli Above kuhuihaele Near cane fields Preserved_Specimen Rock 4537 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-18
96 Echinochloa crus-galli Kauai or Niihau Preserved_Specimen Rémy, J. 102 Kauai BISH 1851-01-01
97 Echinochloa crus-galli Lawn of guarters #15 Preserved_Specimen Flower heads red-bronze color. Fagerlund, G.O. 676 Hawaii BISH 1943-07-25
98 Echinochloa crus-galli South side of Pearl Harbor Bike Path, Pearl City, adjacent to loi kalo between H1 Fwy and HECO Power Plant. Preserved_Specimen Perennial, rhizomatous, erect, ca. 40-50 cm tall. 2 plants observed. Ross, M.C. 1978 Oahu BISH 2024-02-05
99 Echinochloa crus-galli Kalihi taro ponds Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2692 Oahu BISH 1916-08-02
100 Echinochloa crus-galli To 1.5 miles at junction of Highway 34 and Waihee Valley Road adjacent to taro fields Preserved_Specimen Inflorescences erect, more or less stiff. Associated with Tridax and other weeds. Ishikawa, S. 320 Maui BISH 1973-11-29
101 Echinochloa crus-galli Ala Wai Park, near community gardens Grassy area near canal, in lawn grass Preserved_Specimen Faccenda, K. 1780 Oahu BISH 2021-05-08
102 Echinochloa crus-galli Niu Preserved_Specimen Occasional, 100% full bloom Westgate, J.M. Oahu BISH 1920-11-25
103 Echinochloa crus-galli Hind-Clarke Dariy, Wailupe Preserved_Specimen Specimen seems to be intermediate between Echinochlao colunum edulis and Echinochloa colunum mitis. The former has awnless spikelets and the later very shortly awned spikelets. The former has purple spikelets; fruits pale, usually exposed before maturity Ripperton, J.C. Oahu BISH 1931-02-09
104 Echinochloa crus-galli [Hawaiian Islands; U.S.A.; O`ahu; Hawai`i; Honolulu] Preserved_Specimen Andersson, N.J. Oahu BISH 1852-07-01
105 Echinochloa crus-galli Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Hawaii BISH
106 Echinochloa crus-galli Ewa Preserved_Specimen Soper, J.H. 4 Oahu BISH 1920-11-15
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